Sports Medicine & Arthroscopy Journal Scan

Development and Validation of a Pediatric Sports Activity Rating Scale: The Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS).

Am J Sports Med. 2013 Jul 26;

Authors: Fabricant PD, Robles A, Downey-Zayas T, Do HT, Marx RG, Widmann RF, Green DW

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Having simple and reliable validated outcome measures is vital to conducting high-quality outcomes research in the field of orthopaedic surgery. Activity level is a key prognostic variable for patients with sports injuries. There is a paucity of such activity scales for children and adolescents who are otherwise healthy and athletically active. In addition to frequency and intensity of athletic activity, level of play and coach/trainer supervision are important variables unique to children and adolescents that are not captured in available adult scoring systems. PURPOSE:To create and validate a concise and comprehensive activity rating scale for athletically active children and adolescents 10 to 18 years of age. STUDY DESIGN:Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. METHODS:Item generation was performed with a panel of orthopaedic surgeons and adolescent athletes. Item reduction, pilot testing and scale refinement resulted in a final 8-item instrument, the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS). Existing methods were used to determine reliability and validation. The Flesch-Kincaid score was calculated at a 6.6th-grade reading level (approximately 13 years old); therefore, although all subjects provided their own answers, parents were allowed to assist children younger than 13 years with reading the questionnaire.

Anatomic and Morphological Evaluation of the Quadriceps Tendon Using 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reconstruction: Applications for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Autograft Choice and Procurement.

Am J Sports Med. 2013 Jul 26;

Authors: Xerogeanes JW, Mitchell PM, Karasev PA, Kolesov IA, Romine SE

Abstract

Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections in the Treatment of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial With 1-Year Follow-up.

Am J Sports Med. 2013 Jul 26;

Authors: Kesikburun S, Tan AK, Yilmaz B, Yasar E, Yazicioglu K

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Rotator cuff tendinopathy (RCT) is a significant source of disability and loss of work. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been suggested to be beneficial in the treatment of RCT. PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of PRP injections on pain and shoulder functions in patients with chronic RCT. STUDY DESIGN:Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS:A total of 40 patients, 18 to 70 years of age, with (1) a history of shoulder pain for >3 months during overhead-throwing activities, (2) MRI findings of RCT or partial tendon ruptures, and (3) a minimum 50% reduction in shoulder pain with subacromial injections of an anesthetic were included in this placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial. Patients were randomized into a PRP group (n = 20) or placebo group (n = 20). Patients received an ultrasound-guided injection into the subacromial space that contained either 5 mL of PRP prepared from autologous venous blood or 5 mL of saline solution. All patients underwent a 6-week standard exercise program. Outcome measures (Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index [WORC], Shoulder Pain and Disability Index [SPADI], 100-mm visual analog scale [VAS] of shoulder pain with the Neer test, and shoulder range of motion) were assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks and 1 year after injection. RESULTS:Comparison of the patients revealed no significant difference between the groups in WORC, SPADI, and

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The Basic Science of Continuous Passive Motion in Promoting Knee Health: A Systematic Review of Studies in a Rabbit Model.

Arthroscopy. 2013 Jul 25;

Authors: Knapik DM, Harris JD, Pangrazzi G, Griesser MJ, Siston RA, Agarwal S, Flanigan DC

Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine whether the basic science evidence supports the use of continuous passive motion (CPM) after articular cartilage injury in the knee.
METHODS: A systematic review was performed identifying and evaluating studies in animal models that focused on the basic science of CPM of the knee. Databases included in this review were PubMed, Biosis Previews, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, and EMBASE. All functional, gross anatomic, histologic, and histochemical outcomes were extracted and analyzed.

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Glenohumeral Articular Cartilage Lesions: Prospective Comparison of Non-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Findings at Arthroscopy.

Arthroscopy. 2013 Jul 25;

Authors: Spencer BA, Dolinskas CA, Seymour PA, Thomas SJ, Abboud JA

Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and test-retest reliability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting cartilage abnormalities of the glenohumeral joint in comparison with the gold standard of diagnostic arthroscopy.
METHODS: Forty-four patients with a preoperative non-contrast MRI study of their affected shoulder underwent arthroscopy by one surgeon for rotator cuff tendinopathy from 2009 to 2010. Articular cartilage defects were prospectively recorded and graded according to the International Cartilage Repair Society classification system at the time of arthroscopy. One year after surgery, the preoperative MRI were reviewed by a board-certified radiologist and the treating surgeon for articular cartilage defects of both the humeral head and the glenoid. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and test-retest reliability were calculated.

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How Sex Hormones Promote Skeletal Muscle Regeneration.

Sports Med. 2013 Jul 26;

Authors: Velders M, Diel P

Abstract

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Ramadan and Sport: Minimizing Effects Upon the Observant Athlete.

Sports Med. 2013 Jul 26;

Authors: Shephard RJ

Abstract

Trunk and Hip Biomechanics Influence Anterior Cruciate Loading Mechanisms in Physically Active Participants.

Am J Sports Med. 2013 Jul 24;

Authors: Frank B, Bell DR, Norcross MF, Blackburn JT, Goerger BM, Padua DA

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Excessive trunk motion and deficits in neuromuscular control (NMC) of the lumbopelvic hip complex are risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, the relationship between trunk motion, NMC of the lumbopelvic hip complex, and triplanar knee loads during a sidestep cutting task has not been examined. PURPOSE:To determine if there is an association between multiplanar trunk motion, NMC of the lumbopelvic hip complex, and triplanar knee loads with ACL injury during a sidestep cutting task. STUDY DESIGN:Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS:The hip and knee biomechanics and trunk motion of 30 participants (15 male, 15 female) were analyzed during a sidestep cutting task using an optoelectric camera system interfaced to a force plate. Trunk and lower extremity biomechanics were calculated from the kinematic and ground-reaction force data during the first 50% of the stance time during the cutting task. Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were calculated between trunk and lower extremity biomechanics. Multiple linear regression analyses were carried out to determine the amount of variance in triplanar knee loading explained by trunk motion and hip moments. RESULTS:A greater internal knee varus moment (mean, 0.11 ± 0.12 N·m/kg*m) was associated with less transverse-plane trunk rotation away from the stance limb (mean, 20.25° ± 4.42°; r = -0.46, P = .011) and a greater internal hip adduction moment

Effect of Excessive Contralateral Trunk Tilt on Pitching Biomechanics and Performance in High School Baseball Pitchers.

Am J Sports Med. 2013 Jul 24;

Authors: Oyama S, Yu B, Blackburn JT, Padua DA, Li L, Myers JB

Abstract
BACKGROUND:There is a growing number of pitching-related upper extremity injuries among young baseball pitchers; however, there is a lack of data on the identification of injury prevention strategies, particularly the prevention of injuries through the instruction/modification of technique. The identification of technical parameters that are associated with increased joint loading is needed. PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of excessive contralateral trunk tilt, a common technique identifiable by video observation, on pitching biomechanics and performance in high school baseball pitchers. The hypothesis was that this strategy is associated with greater joint loading and poor pitching performance. STUDY DESIGN:Descriptive laboratory study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS:The 3-dimensional pitching biomechanics, ball speed, and frontal view of the pitching technique from 72 high school baseball pitchers were captured on video and analyzed. The videos were reviewed to determine if the pitcher's trunk was excessively contralaterally tilted at the instant of maximal shoulder external rotation by examining whether the side of the pitcher's head ipsilateral to the throwing limb deviated by more than a head width from a vertical line passing through the pitcher's stride foot ankle. Upper extremity kinetics and upper extremity/trunk kinematics between pitchers with and without excessive contralateral trunk tilt were compared using independent t tests.