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Shoulder Instability: Arthroscopic vs. Open Surgery

Shoulder Instability: A Comprehensive Review of Arthroscopic and Open Surgical Techniques

Shoulder instability, often caused by traumatic events or repetitive overhead motions, can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life. When conservative treatments, such as activity modification 1, fail to provide relief, surgical intervention becomes necessary to restore stability and function to the shoulder joint. This article delves into the intricacies of arthroscopic and open surgical techniques employed in addressing shoulder instability, with a particular focus on labral repair and capsular reconstruction.

Understanding Shoulder Instability

The shoulder, characterized by its remarkable range of motion, is inherently susceptible to instability. … Read more

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Pectoralis Major Rupture: Surgical Repair

Pectoralis Major Ruptures: Optimal Timing for Surgical Repair, Techniques, and Outcomes

Pectoralis major ruptures are uncommon injuries that typically occur in young, active men 1. These injuries involve a tear of the pectoralis major tendon, most commonly at its insertion on the humerus 2. Although these injuries are relatively rare, they are becoming an increasingly frequent cause of disability 2. While conservative treatment may be an option for some individuals, surgical repair is often recommended, especially for those who wish to regain full strength and function. This article analyzes the optimal timing for surgical repair of pectoralis … Read more

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Microsurgery in Hand and Upper Extremity

Microsurgery in Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery

Microsurgery has revolutionized the field of hand and upper extremity surgery, enabling surgeons to perform intricate procedures with improved precision and outcomes. This article explores the applications of microsurgery in this domain, focusing on nerve repair, vessel repair, and free tissue transfer. We will delve into specific techniques, discuss potential risks and complications, and highlight the latest advancements and innovations.

Microsurgical Instruments and Equipment

Microsurgery requires specialized instruments and equipment to operate on delicate structures. These include:

  1. Microscopes: High-powered microscopes with magnification capabilities ranging from 4 to 40 times are essential for visualizing
… Read more
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Periprosthetic Joint Infection Management

Periprosthetic Joint Infection: Prevention and Management Strategies

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe complication that can occur after joint replacement surgery, leading to significant pain, disability, and even mortality. PJI affects more than 2% of arthroplasty patients 1, and with the growing number of joint replacement surgeries performed worldwide, the incidence of PJI is expected to rise substantially 2. In the United States, the risk of PJI within one year after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is 0.7%, increasing to 1.1% within five years. For total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the corresponding risks are 0.7% within one year and … Read more

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Revision Knee Arthroplasty Challenges and Techniques

Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: Challenges, Techniques, and Outcomes

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a widely performed and successful procedure for treating end-stage knee osteoarthritis 1. However, a small percentage of patients require revision surgery due to various factors, such as implant wear, loosening, infection, instability, or fracture 1. Revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) is a more complex procedure than primary TKA 2, presenting unique challenges for surgeons. This article aims to analyze the challenges and specific techniques involved in rTKA, discuss implant options and bone grafting strategies, and review the outcomes of this procedure.

There are two … Read more

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Computer-Assisted Navigation in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Computer-Assisted Navigation in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a widely performed surgical procedure for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. While generally successful, improper positioning or alignment of the implants during surgery can lead to complications such as restricted range of motion, instability, and early failure 1. Computer-assisted navigation (CAN) has emerged as a technology to improve the accuracy of implant placement in TKA. This article evaluates the impact of CAN on implant alignment, limb alignment, and clinical outcomes, while also discussing the learning curve and cost-effectiveness of this technology.

Types of CAN Systems

Computer-assisted navigation (CAN) systems in … Read more

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Periprosthetic Fracture Management and Fixation

Periprosthetic Fractures Around Total Hip and Knee Replacements

Periprosthetic fractures are breaks in the bone that occur around or near a joint replacement implant. These fractures present a growing concern in orthopedics, with an increasing incidence attributed to factors such as the rising number of joint replacement surgeries performed each year and the aging population1. This article offers a comprehensive overview of periprosthetic fractures around total hip and knee replacements, encompassing their incidence, management, classification, surgical techniques, and implant options.

Incidence of Periprosthetic Fractures

The incidence of periprosthetic fractures can vary based on factors like the type of … Read more

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