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Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Outcomes

Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Pseudo Paralysis: Outcomes and Influencing Factors

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is a surgical procedure used to treat various shoulder conditions, including rotator cuff tear arthropathy (CTA), proximal humerus fractures, and failed shoulder arthroplasty 1. RSA is considered when a patient has arthritis of the shoulder joint and the rotator cuff tendons are torn or gone, or when the rotator cuff tendons are torn, and the person cannot lift their arm 2. It is also an option for those who have had a previous standard shoulder replacement that was unsuccessful or for certain shoulder fractures… Read more

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Radial head fracture management review

Surgical Management and Post-Operative Rehabilitation of Radial Head Fractures

Radial head fractures are a common injury, representing a significant portion (approximately 33%) of all elbow fractures in adults 1. The estimated incidence is 2.5-2.8 per 10,000 inhabitants per year, with older females and younger males being more commonly affected 3. These fractures typically occur due to a fall on an outstretched hand with the forearm in pronation, resulting in axial load, valgus and/or rotating forces across the elbow 3. This force is transmitted through the hand and forearm, causing the radial head to impact the capitellum 3… Read more

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Proximal Humerus Fracture Management

Management of Proximal Humerus Fractures

Proximal humerus fractures (PHF) are a common injury, representing the third most frequent fracture in older adults, and are often associated with osteoporosis 1. They occur in a bimodal distribution, affecting younger patients who experience high-energy trauma and older patients with low-energy falls 3. Proximal humerus fractures include fractures to the anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater tuberosity, or lesser tuberosity, either in isolation or combination 4. Apart from bone fragility, other risk factors for PHF include those related to falls, such as low levels of physical activity, impaired balance, or lower limb … Read more

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Pectoralis Major Rupture: Surgical Repair

Pectoralis Major Ruptures: Optimal Timing for Surgical Repair, Techniques, and Outcomes

Pectoralis major ruptures are uncommon injuries that typically occur in young, active men 1. These injuries involve a tear of the pectoralis major tendon, most commonly at its insertion on the humerus 2. Although these injuries are relatively rare, they are becoming an increasingly frequent cause of disability 2. While conservative treatment may be an option for some individuals, surgical repair is often recommended, especially for those who wish to regain full strength and function. This article analyzes the optimal timing for surgical repair of pectoralis … Read more

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Occupational Therapy for Hand Rehabilitation

The Role of Occupational Therapy in Hand and Upper Extremity Rehabilitation

Occupational therapy (OT) plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation of patients with hand and upper extremity injuries and conditions. It focuses on helping individuals regain their independence and improve their quality of life by restoring function, reducing pain, and enhancing their ability to perform daily activities. This article explores the importance of occupational therapy in hand and upper extremity rehabilitation, reviews common therapy techniques and protocols, and examines the effectiveness of these interventions.

Importance of Occupational Therapy in Hand and Upper Extremity Rehabilitation

The human hand is a … Read more

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Microsurgery in Hand and Upper Extremity

Microsurgery in Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery

Microsurgery has revolutionized the field of hand and upper extremity surgery, enabling surgeons to perform intricate procedures with improved precision and outcomes. This article explores the applications of microsurgery in this domain, focusing on nerve repair, vessel repair, and free tissue transfer. We will delve into specific techniques, discuss potential risks and complications, and highlight the latest advancements and innovations.

Microsurgical Instruments and Equipment

Microsurgery requires specialized instruments and equipment to operate on delicate structures. These include:

  1. Microscopes: High-powered microscopes with magnification capabilities ranging from 4 to 40 times are essential for visualizing

… Read more

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Massive rotator cuff tear repair

Surgical Reconstruction of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears

The rotator cuff, a group of four muscles and their tendons, plays a vital role in shoulder function. These muscles and tendons help stabilize the shoulder, rotate and lift the arm, and allow for a wide range of motion. A rotator cuff tear occurs when one or more of these tendons is torn. Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder pain and disability, especially in older adults. Tears can be caused by injury, overuse, or aging1. Massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs) involve a significant defect in the rotator cuff, … Read more

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Hand Infection Diagnosis and Treatment

Common Hand Infections: A Review of Diagnosis and Treatment

Hand infections are a common presentation in both primary care and emergency settings1. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent serious complications, such as tendon rupture, osteomyelitis, and sepsis. This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment of three common hand infections: paronychia, felon, and flexor tendon sheath infections. It is crucial to recognize these conditions promptly and provide appropriate management to help prevent serious complications and preserve hand function234.

Paronychia

Definition

Paronychia is an infection of the skin surrounding the nail. It can be acute (lasting … Read more

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Hand and Wrist Arthritis Treatment

Management Options for Arthritis of the Hand and Wrist

Arthritis is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide 1. It is characterized by pain, stiffness, and swelling in the joints. Arthritis can affect any joint in the body, but it is particularly common in the hands and wrists. Hand and wrist arthritis can make it difficult to perform everyday tasks, such as writing, opening jars, and buttoning clothes.

Anatomy of the Wrist and Arthritis

The wrist is one of the most complex joints in the body. It is made up of eight small bones called carpals, which … Read more

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Hand and Upper Extremity Tendon Injuries

Tendon Injuries of the Hand and Upper Extremity: A Review of Repair and Rehabilitation

Tendon injuries in the hand and upper extremity are common, often resulting from lacerations or trauma. These injuries can significantly impact hand function and quality of life 1, making effective treatment and rehabilitation crucial. This article provides a comprehensive review of tendon injuries in the hand and upper extremity, focusing on flexor and extensor tendon injuries, their repair, and rehabilitation protocols.

Tendon Injury Overview

Tendons are fibrous cords of connective tissue that attach muscles to bones, enabling movement. Risk for rupture of the Achilles tendon, … Read more

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